d & f Block

Always in liquid state

Highly coloured alloys

Alloys which have a great resistance to abrasion

Alloys which contain Hg as one of the constituents

$3^{rd}$ group and $7^{th}$ period

$3^{rd}$ group and $6^{th}$ period

$4^{th}$ group and $7^{th}$ period

$3^{rd}$ group and $5^{th}$ period.

They are very reactive.

They exhibit variable oxidation states.

They have low melting point.

They are very much electropositive in nature.

Cerium

Lutetium

Thorium

Lanthanum

d-d transitions

s-p mixing

Ionisation

Shielding effect

Ln(OH)

$\operatorname{Ln}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}$

$\operatorname{Ln}(\mathrm{OH})_{3}$

$\operatorname{Ln}(\mathrm{OH})_{4}$

$MnO_{2}$

$Mn_{2}O_{3}$

$K_{2}MnO_{4}$

$MnSO_{4}$

$6s^{2},4f^{0-14},5d^{1}$

$6s^{2},4f^{1-14},5d^{0-1}$

$6s^{2},4f^{2-14},5d^{0-1}$

$6s^{2},4f^{2-14},5d^{1}$

both have same atomic radii

both belong to d-block

both belong to same series

both have same number of electrons

Cu

Mn

Ni

Zn

Completely filled ${ }_{4 s}$ subshell

Completely filled $3 d$ subshell

Incomplete $3 d$ subshell

Incomplete $4 s$ subshell

Tm

Dy

Eu

Pm

3d series elements

4d series elements

5d series elements

6d series elements

3

4

10

12

Lu

La

Dy

Nd